geomorfГеоморфология и палеогеографияGeomorfologiya i Paleogeografiya2949-17892949-1797geomorf-2821Research ArticleРегиональная геоморфологияГеоморфологическое районирование Западно-Сибирской равнины на основе цифровой модели рельефа AW3D30Updating the geomorphological zoning of the West Siberian Plain based on the AW3D30 DEMСизовО. С.SizovOlegkabanin@yandex.ruТюменский государственный университет, ТюменьРоссия20260307202657198118Copyright © Сизов О.С., 20262026Сизов О.С.Sizov O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/2821

Большинство существующих схем геоморфологического районирования Западно-Сибирской равнины было разработано в 1970-х гг. Поскольку они имеют значительные недостатки как в точности, так и в учете фактических данных, использование их представляется затруднительным. На основе цифровой модели рельефа ALOS World 3D с разрешением 30 м проведено геоморфологическое районирование Западно-Сибирской равнины с учетом схем С.С. Воскресенского, В.А. Николаева, Ю.А. Мещерякова, Г.Д. Рихтера, М.Е. Городецкой, Г.А. Лазукова и В.Т. Трофимова. При этом использовалась комбинированная методика, сочетающая методы экспертного и автоматического дешифрирования. Визуальные индикационные признаки учитывают перегибы склонов, уступы террас, участки водоразделов. При автоматической классификации использовались методы объектно-ориентированной сегментации и кластеризации на основе алгоритма k-means. В результате уточнена граница Западно-Сибирской равнины (общая площадь составила 2.93 млн км2), на которой выделены 74 геоморфологических района. Полученные границы районов могут быть воспроизведены и верифицированы на основе любой детальной цифровой модели рельефа, при условии, что она создана путем сплошных инструментальных измерений высоты земной поверхности. Проведенный расчет средних морфометрических показателей по каждому из районов (средняя высота, угол наклона, общая кривизна, густота расчленения, степень заозеренности) показал практически линейное увеличение с севера на юг Западно-Сибирской равнины углов наклона на фоне снижения коэффициента вариации высот и удельной площади озер. Степень кривизны определяется региональными особенностями. В целом выделяются две различающиеся части (провинции) равнины. В северной преобладают обособленные возвышенности с увалами и грядами, разделенные широкими речными долинами. Южная часть представлена в основном обширными плоскими или слабо наклонными равнинами.

Geomorphological zoning is routinely used to properly organize the available data on the landform type and genesis in large areas. Most of the existing geomorphological zoning charts for the West Siberian Plain were developed back in the 1970s. They have significant drawbacks in terms of boundary position accuracy and accounting and lack the latest data and are hardly suitable for research purposes. This study updated the geomorphological region boundaries of the West Siberian Plain. We used the ALOS World 3D digital surface model (30 m resolution) and the existing charts by S. Voskresensky, M. Gorodetskaya, Yu. Mescheryakov, V. Nikolayev, G. Richter, V. Trofimov, and G.A. Lazukov. It was a combined approach with manual and automatic interpretation. The visual features are slope breaks, terrace ledges, and watersheds. We applied object-oriented segmentation with k-means clustering for automatic classification. As a result, the boundary of the West Siberian Plain was corrected (its area is 2.93 mln. km2). 74 geomorphological regions were found. The average region area is 39,600 km2, and the average absolute elevation is 88.1 m. The region boundaries can be reproduced and verified with any detailed digital surface model provided that it is created by continuous instrumental measurements of the surface elevations. We also estimated the average morphometric indices for each region (average elevation, slope angle, total curvature, thalweg density, and the share of land covered by lakes). Generally, there is a sustainable trend: the landform uniformity of the West Siberian Plain increases from north to south while the share of lakes decreases. We assumed that the most probable cause of the geomorphological differences between the northern and southern parts is the impact of the blanket glaciations on the northern part of the plain.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.