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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomorf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геоморфология и палеогеография</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geomorfologiya i Paleogeografiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-1789</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1797</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/10.31857/S2949178923040060</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">GPLFNE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomorf-3274</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реконструкция растительности и климатических изменений позднеледниковья – голоцена Южного Урала на основе спорово-пыльцевого анализа донных отложений озера Большое Миассово</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vegetation and climate changes in the Southern Urals in the Late Glacial and Holocene derived from pollen record of Lake Bolshoe Miassovo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-5866</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нигаматзянова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nigamatzyanova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">gulnaraniga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8505-0151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">larissa.frolova@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нигматуллин</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nigmatullin</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusupova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-0962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нургалиев</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurgaliev</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Danis.Nourgaliev@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский федеральный университет, Казань</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University, Kazan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>54</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>179</fpage><lpage>194</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нигаматзянова Г.Р., Фролова Л.А., Нигматуллин Н.М., Юсупова А.Р., Нургалиев Д.К., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нигаматзянова Г.Р., Фролова Л.А., Нигматуллин Н.М., Юсупова А.Р., Нургалиев Д.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nigamatzyanova G.R., Frolova L.A., Nigmatullin N.M., Yusupova A.R., Nurgaliev D.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3274">https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3274</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведен спорово-пыльцевой анализ колонки донных отложений мощностью 526 см озера Б. Миассово, Южный Урал. Полученные данные позволили реконструировать растительный покров на водосборе озера и климатическую обстановку региона за 13400 кал. л., что существенно расширяет и дополняет палеогеографическую летопись Южного Урала. Установлено, что в интервале 13400–12700 кал. л. н. в условиях относительно теплого и сухого климата в исследуемом регионе были распространены перигляциальные лесостепные формации. На открытых ландшафтах произрастали травянистые сообщества и березово-сосновые редколесья с елью. Снижение доли участия сосны в растительном покрове и смена ели на более холодоустойчивую лиственницу были вызваны, скорее всего, похолоданием в период 12700–11700 кал. л. н. Начиная с 11700 кал. л. н., перигляциальные лесостепи сменяются березовыми лесами. Выявленные существенные изменения растительного покрова водосборного бассейна оз. Б. Миассово указывают на потепление и увлажнение климата в начале голоцена. В интервале 11300–10300 кал. л. н. отмечено доминирование березовых лесов. Распространение сосны и ели в диапазоне 10300–8300 кал. л. н. указывает на потепление климатических условий. С 8400 кал. л. н. в древостое увеличивается доля широколиственных пород. Максимальное значение широколиственных пород зафиксировано в интервале 6000–4500 кал. л. н. Некоторое похолодание климата отмечено в диапазоне 4500–2000 кал. л. н. На водосборе озера в это время произрастал березовый лес с примесью ели и широколиственных пород. Увеличение роли сосны и сокращение доли участия ели в древостое были вызваны, вероятно, аридизацией и потеплением климата в интервале 1800–1000 кал. л. н. С 1800 кал. л. н. растительность вокруг оз. Б. Миассово становится схожей с современной: на территории преобладали сосново-березовые леса с примесью темнохвойных и широколиственных пород.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A spore-pollen analysis of a 526 cm sediment core retrieved from Lake Bolshoe Miassovo, Southern Urals, was carried out. The obtained data made it possible to reconstruct the vegetation cover in the lake’s catchment area and the climatic situation of the region for 13400 cal yr BP, which significantly expands and complements the paleogeographic chronicle of the Southern Urals. It was found that in the range of 13400–12700 cal yr BP in the conditions of a relatively warm and dry climate of Allerød, periglacial forest-steppe formations were widespread in the studied region. Steppe herb communities and birch-pine sparse woodlands with spruce grew on open landscapes. The pine degradation and replacement of spruce with more cold-resistant larch was most likely caused by a cooling in the period of 12700–11700 cal yr BP, which corresponds to the Younger Dryas. The periglacial forest-steppe formations are replaced by birch forests since 11700 cal yr BP. The significant changes in the vegetation cover of the lake’s catchment area indicate warming and humidification of the climate at the beginning of the Holocene. The dominance of birch forests in the interval of 11300–10300 cal yr BP, probably, corresponds to the second half of the Pre-Boreal period. The distribution of pine and spruce in the range of 10300–8300 cal yr BP indicates a warming of climatic conditions in the Boreal period. Since 8400 cal yr BP the proportion of broad-leaved species in the tree stand increases. The broad-leaved species cover reached its peak between 6000–4500 cal yr BP at the end of the Atlantic - the beginning of the Sub-Boreal period (Holocene climatic optimum). Some cooling of the climate was observed in the range of 4500–2000 cal yr BP, which presumably corresponds to the Sub-Boreal and the beginning of the Sub-Atlantic period. The birch forest with spruce and broad-leaved species grew in the lake’s catchment area. Some aridization and warming of the climate in the Sub-Atlantic period in the range of 1800–1000 cal. yr BP led to an increase in the role of pine and a reduction of spruce in the area around the lake. Since 1800 cal yr BP the vegetation of the territory adjacent to Lake Bolshoe Miassovo was similar to the modern one: pine-birch forests with an admixture of dark coniferous and broad-leaved species prevailed on the territory.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спорово-пыльцевой анализ</kwd><kwd>голоцен</kwd><kwd>реконструкция климата</kwd><kwd>палеоэкология</kwd><kwd>озеро Большое Миассово</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spore-pollen analysis</kwd><kwd>Holocene</kwd><kwd>climate reconstruction</kwd><kwd>paleoecology</kwd><kwd>Lake Bolshoe Miassovo</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Палинологический анализ был поддержан грантом Российского научного фонда (№ 22-47-08001). Статистический анализ проведен в рамках Программы стратегического академического лидерства Казанского федерального университета (Приоритеты-2030)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The palynological analysis was supported by the grant No. 22-47-08001 from the Russian Science Foundation. The statistical analysis was carried out within the framework of the Strategic Academic Leadership Program of Kazan Federal University (Priorities-2030)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреева М.А., Вейсберг Е.И., Гаврилкина С.В. и др. (2000). Экология озера Большое Миассово. Миасс: ИГЗ УрО РАН. 318 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreev A.A., Nazarova L.B., Lenz M.M., Böhmer T., Syrykh L., Wagner B., Melles M., Pestryakova L.A., Herzschuh U. 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