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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomorf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геоморфология и палеогеография</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geomorfologiya i Paleogeografiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-1789</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1797</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2949178924030018</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">PMURUU</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomorf-3292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Геоморфология и палеогеография Каспийского региона (обзорные статьи)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стратиграфия, хронология и палеогеография криогенных явлений Прикаспийской низменности в позднем плейстоцене</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stratigraphy, chronology and paleogeography of Late Quaternary cryogenesis in Northern Caspian Lowland</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1479-8805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таратунина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taratunina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, географический факультет, Москва; Институт географии РАН, Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taratuninana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8238-9002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, географический факультет, Москва</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rogovvic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8660-9922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">m_verba@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-8772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрелецкая</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Streletskaya</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">irinastrelets@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-3900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">paleo@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянычева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukyanycheva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mashluk95@igras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хормали</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khormali</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">fkhormali@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-6202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбанов</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbanov</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">roger.kurbanov@igras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии РАН, МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow; Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, географический факультет, Москва; Институт географии РАН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute RAS, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, географический факультет, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии РАН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Горганский университет сельскохозяйственных наук и природных ресурсов, Горган</institution><country>Иран</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan</institution><country>Islamic Republic of Iran</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, географический факультет, Москва; Институт географии РАН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow; Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Таратунина Н.А., Рогов В.В., Лебедева М.П., Стрелецкая И.Д., Янина Т.А., Лукьянычева М.С., Хормали Ф., Курбанов Р.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Таратунина Н.А., Рогов В.В., Лебедева М.П., Стрелецкая И.Д., Янина Т.А., Лукьянычева М.С., Хормали Ф., Курбанов Р.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Taratunina N.A., Rogov V.V., Lebedeva M.P., Streletskaya I.D., Yanina T.A., Lukyanycheva M.S., Khormali F., Kurbanov R.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3292">https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3292</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлено обобщение результатов экспедиционных и аналитических исследований криогенных явлений в Нижнем Поволжье. Детально описаны разные виды псевдоморфоз и криотурбации, обоснован их криогенный генезис, выделены различные криогенные структуры в лёссово-почвенных сериях, аллювиальных и лиманно-морских отложениях. Морфология структур указывает на то, что развитие криогенеза в схожих условиях природной среды, но в разных генетических типах отложений приводит к формированию структур разного облика, напрямую зависящего от влажности грунтов и их механического состава. Решающее значение для формирования конечного облика грунтовых структур имеют процессы деградации льда и сопутствующие изменения их морфологии. Абсолютное датирование отложений, вмещающих криогенные структуры, позволило выделить временные интервалы их формирования. На основе учета особенностей строения и формирования криогенных структур, их стратиграфического положения, результатов лабораторных анализов в позднем плейстоцене выделено шесть этапов криогенеза. Этап I характеризовался распространением в регионе глубокого сезонного промерзания, зафиксированного в прибрежно-морских осадках МИС 5d. Для этапов II-III (МИС 5b, МИС 4, соответственно) существование криогенных форм зафиксировано в различных генетических типах осадков. Этап IV (МИС 3с – МИС 3b) отвечает существованию криолитозоны только для северной части района (разрезы Средняя Ахтуба, Райгород) и маломощной островной криолитозоны либо глубокого сезонного промерзания – для южной части долины реки Волги. Этапы V (МИС 3а) и VI (МИС 2) характеризуются распространением маломощной островной мерзлоты либо глубокого сезонного промерзания. Выделенные крупные этапы развития многолетнемерзлых пород в Прикаспийской низменности существенно уточняют имеющиеся данные о криогенных горизонтах Восточно-Европейской равнины. Новые свидетельства существования криогенеза позволяют сдвинуть южнее принятую границу максимального распространения многолетнемерзлых пород в холодные этапы позднего плейстоцена на юге Русской равнины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a generalization of the results of field and analytical studies of cryogenic phenomena in the Lower Volga region. For the first time for this territory, pseudomorphs, soil wedges and cryoturbations were described and studied in detail. Their cryogenic genesis was substantiated. In the Lower Volga region, various structures have been identified in loess-soil series, alluvial and marine deposits. The development of cryogenesis in similar environmental conditions, but in different genetic types of sediments, leads to the formation of structures of different shapes, which directly depends on the humidity and composition of the sediments. The processes of ice degradation and accompanying changes in their morphology are of decisive importance in the final appearance of soil structures. Absolute dating of the deposits containing cryogenic structures made it possible to identify the time intervals of their formation. Six stages of cryogenesis in the Late Pleistocene were identified based on the structural features, their stratigraphic position, and the results of laboratory analyzes. Stage I is characterized by the spread of deep seasonal freezing in the region, recorded in coastal marine sediments in MIS 5d. For stages II-III (MIS 5b, MIS 4, respectively), the existence of a perennial permafrost zone is reconstructed, cryogenic forms are recorded in various genetic types of sediments. Stage IV (MIS 3c – MIS 3b) corresponds to the existence of a perennial permafrost zone only for the northern part of the region (Srednyaya Akhtuba and Raygorod sections) and thin sporadic permafrost or deep seasonal freezing for the southern part of the Volga River valley (Chernyy Yar section). Stages V (MIS 3a) and VI (MIS 2) are characterized by the spread of thin sporadic permafrost or deep seasonal freezing. The identified major stages of the development of permafrost in the Caspian Lowland significantly refine the available data on the cryogenic horizons of the East European Plain.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>многолетняя мерзлота</kwd><kwd>Нижнее Поволжье</kwd><kwd>лёсс</kwd><kwd>криогенез</kwd><kwd>коэффициент криогенной контрастности</kwd><kwd>OSL датирование</kwd><kwd>палеогеография</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность рецензентам за полезные советы и рекомендации, и также А.В. Панину, Д.А. Солодовникову, Е.Н. Бадюковой и А.О. Макееву за обсуждение результатов. Исследования выполнены при поддержке гранта РНФ № 19-77-10077 (абсолютное датирование), гранта РФФИ 20-55-56046 (полевые работы), в рамках госзадания ИГ РАН № FMWS-2024-0005 (обзор литературы), географического факультета МГУ № 121051100135-0 (криолитологические анализы) и № 121051100164 (палеопочвенные исследования)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The studies were supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant № 19-77-10077 (absolute dating), the RFBR grant № 20-55-56046 (palaeosoil research), and within the framework of the state assignment of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University № 121051100135-0 (cryolithological analyses)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бадюкова Е.Н. (2021). 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