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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomorf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геоморфология и палеогеография</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geomorfologiya i Paleogeografiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-1789</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1797</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2949178925030062</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomorf-3665</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Палеогеография голоцена</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Holocene Palaeogeography</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Палеопожарная динамика Притоболья (по материалам озерно-болотных отложений торфяника Оськино)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Paleofire dynamics of the Tobol region (based on the lake-bog deposits of the Oskino peat bog)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубицына</surname><given-names>Э. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubitsyna</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">el.yuzh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афонин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afonin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">hawk_lex@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябогина</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabogina</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nataly.ryabogina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский научный центр СО РАН, Тюмень</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Tyumen</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский научный центр СО РАН, Тюмень&#13;
Гётеборгский университет, Гётеборг, Швеция</institution><country>Швеция</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Tyumen&#13;
University of Gothenburg, Göteborg</institution><country>Sweden</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>442</fpage><lpage>456</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трубицына Э.Д., Афонин А.С., Рябогина Н.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трубицына Э.Д., Афонин А.С., Рябогина Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trubitsyna E.D., Afonin A.S., Ryabogina N.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3665">https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3665</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе сопоставлены палеоэкологические, археологические и палеопожарные данные по Притоболью, полученные в результате исследования отложений заболоченного озера Оськино-21 (юг Тюменской области). Этот небольшой торфяник приурочен к северной лесостепи и расположен в окружении археологических памятников разного времени, что позволяет оценить зависимость лесных пожаров как от природных (климатических), так и от антропогенных факторов. Исследование охватывает 9.6 тыс. кал.л., включая весь период заселения окружающей территории с финала гренландского яруса голоцена. Выполнены анализ изменений свойств торфа, радиоуглеродное датирование, подсчитаны макроскопические частицы древесного угля в озерно–болотных отложениях. В работе проведена корреляция полученных данных с результатами археологических исследований близлежащей территории, а также с результатами ботанического анализа торфа и данными спорово–пыльцевого анализа, полученными ранее из отложений Оськино-09. Сопоставление этих данных показало зависимость между снижением уровня увлажнения и усилением пожарной активности, кроме того показана корреляционная зависимость между долей сосновых лесов и частотой возникновения пожаров, а также отмечено влияние антропогенного фактора на пожарную динамику. Около 9.5–8.2 тыс. кал. л. н., когда еще не началось освоение этой территории людьми, отмечалась высокая частота пирогенных эпизодов, что могло быть связано с сухими условиями и расселением сосны в лесах. Спорово–пыльцевые данные с неолитического времени до раннего железного века указывают на незначительное антропогенное влияние на растительность, что связано с существованием присваивающего типа хозяйства вплоть до 4.5 тыс. кал. л. н. Однако отмечается увеличение пожарной активности в интервале 5.9 по 4.6 тыс. кал. л. н. Вероятно, на это повлияло заселение берегов озера в энеолитическое и бронзовое время. В период 4.7–2.9 тыс. кал. л. н. происходит переход населения к придомному скотоводству, и количество пожаров снижается, что могло быть связано со смещением населения в сторону поймы, а также с более влажными климатическими условиями. Отмечено заметное увеличение влияния хозяйственной деятельности на фоновые скорости накопления макроскопических частиц угля и количество пожарных эпизодов, начиная с 1.4 тыс. кал. л. н.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of fire regimes in the northern forest-steppe zone of the Tobol region (south of the Tyumen region) over the past 9.6 ka by integrating palaeoecological, archaeological, and paleofire data from the Oskino lake-bog sediments. The site’s location, situated within northern forest-steppe zone and surrounded by archaeological sites spanning various periods, allows for the assessment of both natural (climatic) and anthropogenic influences on fire regimes. Changes in the peat properties, radiocarbon dating, and quantification of macrocharcoal particles from the Oskino-21 core were employed. Data were correlated with existing macrobotanical and pollen data from the Oskino-09 core, providing a comprehensive context.</p><p>The results demonstrate a positive correlation between reduced moisture levels and increased fire activity, along with a correlation between pine forest dominance and fire frequency. Before human settlement of the territory (9.5–8.2 ka BP), high pyrogenic event concentrations suggest a climate–driven fire regime, potentially associated with drier conditions and the prevalence of pine forests. Palynological data from the Neolithic to early Iron Age (up to 4.5 ka BP), reveals minimal human impact on vegetation which could be related to an appropriative economy. However, an increase in fire activity is observed between 5.9 and 4.6 ka BP, potentially linked to human settlement along the lake shore during the Eneolithic and Bronze Age. Between 4.7 and 2.9 ka BP, a shift towards settled pastoralism is observed, accompanied by a decrease in fire frequency. This may be attributed to population migration towards floodplain areas and also increased humidity. The study unequivocally demonstrates a pronounced increase in anthropogenic influence on fire regimes starting at 1.4 ka BP, with economic activities significantly impacting both the background rate of charcoal accumulation and the frequency of fire episodes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Западная Сибирь</kwd><kwd>макроуголь</kwd><kwd>палеопожары</kwd><kwd>палеоархивы</kwd><kwd>археология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Western Siberia</kwd><kwd>macrocharcoal</kwd><kwd>paleofires</kwd><kwd>paleoarchives</kwd><kwd>archaeology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержки гранта российского научного фонда № 23-27-00437 «Ретроспективная динамика лесных пожаров Западной Сибири: влияние природных и антропогенных факторов на южной границе леса».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Атлас Тюменской области (1971) Ред. 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