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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomorf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геоморфология и палеогеография</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geomorfologiya i Paleogeografiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-1789</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1797</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomorf-3753</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Палеоэкология и динамика культуры в плейстоцене Евразии</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Река Вишера (Пермское Предуралье) в конце позднего неоплейстоцена и голоцене: развитие речной долины в контексте ее заселения древним человеком</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарецкая</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">n_zaretskaya@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копытов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лычагина</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии РАН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Пермский государственный гуманитарно-педагогический университет, Пермь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, географический факультет, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>57</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>3753</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зарецкая Н.Е., Копытов С.В., Лычагина Е.Л., Баранов Д.В., Чернов А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зарецкая Н.Е., Копытов С.В., Лычагина Е.Л., Баранов Д.В., Чернов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Зарецкая Н.Е., Копытов С.В., Лычагина Е.Л., Баранов Д.В., Чернов А.В.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3753">https://geomorphology.igras.ru/jour/article/view/3753</self-uri><abstract><p>Реконструкция истории развития долины р. Вишеры была проведена на ее равнинном участке (от г. Красновишерска до пос. Рябинино), где известна серия археологических памятников с неолита до русской колонизации. Полевые исследования включали в себя описание террасовых уровней в долине, разрезов аллювия террас; для выделения пойменных генераций применялся палеорусловой анализ. Хронологической основой реконструкции являются результаты радиоуглеродного и лю минесцентного датирований. В долине р. Вишеры установлено два уровня надпойменных террас (т. н. “нулевая” и первая) и четыре генерации поймы. Выделено четыре этапа в истории развития долины р. Вишеры. К наиболее древнему (первому) этапу (31–26 тыс. л.н.) относится аллювий в цоколе I над пойменной террасы (нпт). Во время максимума последнего оледенения (20–16 тыс. л.н., этап 2) продолжилось выполнение долины и накопление аллювия, слагающего в настоящее время I нпт. В верхах аллювия этой террасы зафиксированы мерзлотные структуры, что говорит о значительной роли криогенеза на этом этапе. В позднеледниковье (~15 тыс. л. н.) началось врезание русла, приведшее к образованию низкого террасового уровня (т. н. “нулевая” терраса); на поверхности I террасы в то время происходила активная аккумуляция эоловых отложений, мощность которых в отдельных местах значительно (до 3–4 м) увеличила ее высоту относительно уреза реки. Образование поймы, состоящей из четырех генераций, происходило в голоцене (этап 4), причем, вероятнее всего, полыми водами частично затапливалась и нулевая терраса, что привело к заболачиванию ее пониженных участков. В начале среднего голоцена началось заселение долины р. Вишеры человеком с расположением стоянок преимущественно на дюнных возвышениях в пределах нулевой террасы вдоль русловых проток и по берегам старичных озер. Вероятно и позднее, ввиду активной трансформации пойменно-руслового рельефа, в значительной степени непредсказуемой для древнего и средневекового человека, выбор мест проживания был обусловлен этим принципом – возвышенное положение, гарантирующее от затопления паводковыми водами, и близость к пойменным водоемам.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бассейн верхней Камы</kwd><kwd>террасы</kwd><kwd>эоловая надстройка</kwd><kwd>пойменные генерации</kwd><kwd>радиоуглеродное и оптико-люминесцентное датирование</kwd><kwd>археология</kwd><kwd>Предуральская модель расселения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Полевые исследования и датирование выполнены за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-68-10023, https://rscf.ru/project/23-68-10023/, литостратиграфические исследования разрезов выполнялись в рамках ГЗ ИГ РАН FMWS-2024-0003. Коллектив авторов выражает благодарность всем коллегам, принимавшим участие в полевых работах, особенно – М.А. 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