Transformation of braided channels: factors, conditions, reasons
https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428120040033
Abstract
Global environmental and climate changes, continued anthropogenic impacts on environment, affect the runoff of rivers, their water regime and sediment load – the main factors of river channel processes. As a result, river channels transform in response to changes. The most sensitive to driving factors are alluvial and braided rivers. The changes include the complication of braided patterns, the replacement of one morphodynamic type by others; the increase in number of islands in channels due to the overgrowth of mid-bars; the dispersion of water flow and, as a result, the decrease in sediment transport capacity of rivers. Braided patterns start to form on bends, the processes of meanders straightening are activated, cut-off bends are formed. Transformation of braided channel is the result of their natural evolution and development under stable conditions due to the self-development of braided channels themselves, as well as the direct human impacts on river channels and channel processes. The paper presents the argument for both, natural environmental and climate changes, as well as anthropogenic impacts on the braided channels transformation and formation of new braided patterns. They are followed by an increase in manifestations of dangerous channel processes and affect the utilization of river resources. They must be taken into account when developing water management projects, use of rivers as waterways, constructing communications, etc.
Keywords
channel processes,
braided channels,
islands,
mid-bars,
transformation,
evolution,
channel development,
hydroclimatic changes,
human impacts
Supporting agencies: The study is done under state research plans of department of hydrology and Makkaveev soil erosion and fluvial processes laboratory of Lomonosov MSU (data and field works), and additionally supported by RSF project 17-18-00086 – analytical study of braided channels.
About the Author
R. S. Chalov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Faculty of Geography
Moscow
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For citations:
Chalov R.S. Transformation of braided channels: factors, conditions, reasons. Geomorfologiya. 2020;(4):15-33. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428120040033
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