Land units of the Sevastopol city area and landslide forecast

I. S. Novikov; D. A. Borisenko

doi:10.31857/S0435428121040088

Land units of the Sevastopol city area and landslide forecast

I. S. Novikov, D. A. Borisenko

https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428121040088

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Abstract

В пределах района города Севастополь расположены юго-западные окончания Внешней, Внутренней и Главной гряд Крымских гор и разделяющих их межгрядовых понижений. Внешняя гряда представляет собой плато, ограниченное с северо-запада береговым обрывом. Поверхность плато образуют террасы средиземноморского ряда в возрастном диапазоне от голоцена до миоцена. На Северной стороне они преимущественно денудационно-аккумулятивные (17%, здесь и далее – от общей изученной площади), на Гераклейском полуострове – денудационные (3.5%). Внутренняя гряда отделена от Внешней и Главной гряд Северным и Южным межгрядовыми понижениями. Межгрядовые понижения (24%) представляют собой вытянутые в северо-восточном направлении котловины, борта которых представлены крутыми и пологими склонами, выработанными в известняках, а днища слабонаклонными плоскими и холмистыми поверхностями, сложенными мергелями и глинами. Внутренняя гряда образована двумя куэстами, каждая из которых состоит из крутого и пологого склона на стыке которых местами сохранились фрагменты поверхностей выравнивания. Склоны куэст, примыкающих к межгрядовым понижениям, образуют их борта и могут быть отнесены как к Внутренней гряде, так и к межгрядовым понижениям. Прочие элементы рельефа представлены обвально-оползневыми (6%), пролювиальными (6%), аллювиальными (4%) аккумулятивными и коллювиально-деллювиальными (3%), абразионными (2%) и тектоногенными (0.5%) денудационными поверхностями. Неотектонические поднятия во Внешней гряде достигают 50–70 м, а в Главной – 800 м. Примерно на 25% площади изученной территории имеются геолого-геоморфологические предпосылки для развития оползневых процессов. При этом выявлены значительные территории, отнесенные к категории высоко подверженных образованию оползней, на которых не известно ни одного оползня. Мы связываем это с недоизученностью таких территорий в связи со слабой хозяйственной освоенностью.

Keywords

land units, dangerous geological processes, landslides, Sevastopo, Crimea

About the Authors

I. S. Novikov

Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS
Russian Federation

Novosibirsk

D. A. Borisenko

Novosibirsk geological search expedition
Russian Federation

Novosibirsk

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Review

For citations:

Novikov I.S., Borisenko D.A. Land units of the Sevastopol city area and landslide forecast. Geomorfologiya. 2021;52(4):64–78. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428121040088