Channel processes at а piedmont river (case study the Belaya River, Western Caucasus) (paper 1. Lateral channel migrations and water runoff as their main factor)

I. N. Kargapolova; I. V. Krylenko

doi:10.31857/S0435428122010072

Channel processes at а piedmont river (case study the Belaya River, Western Caucasus) (paper 1. Lateral channel migrations and water runoff as their main factor)

I. N. Kargapolova, I. V. Krylenko

https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428122010072

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Abstract

The paper investigates channel deformations at the Belaya River – a piedmont river in the Western Caucasus with low-stability channel crossing accumulative piedmont plain. The goal of this paper is to assess lateral channel migrations and vertical channel deformations and their main drivers: runoff fluctuations and sediment load using a quantitative analysis. The research is based on comparison of remote sensing data, in-situ observations and drone imagery collected in 2001–2020. We determined the relations between bank erosion rate and runoff fluctuations. The rate of bank erosion is closely related to the number and duration of bankfull discharge floods. The rate of bank erosion along meandering part of the Belays River is high, mean rate is more than 20 m per year whereas maximum rate is up to 70–80 m per year. The maximum rate of bank erosion is observed during high floods, when water level is varied from the tops of large ripples to floodplain edges. During rare extreme floods, when water inundates the floodplain, the mechanism of channel deformations that modifies and radically changes the channel is taking place. During such episodes the main stream moves to the floodplain channels, and bends get straightenedmations that modifies and radically changes the channel is taking place. During such episodes the main stream moves to the floodplain channels, and bends get straightened.

Keywords

piedmont rivers, bank erosion, water runoff, meandering

About the Authors

I. N. Kargapolova

ECONGengineering LLC
Russian Federation

Moscow

I. V. Krylenko

Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation

Faculty of Geography

Moscow

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Review

For citations:

Kargapolova I.N., Krylenko I.V. Channel processes at а piedmont river (case study the Belaya River, Western Caucasus) (paper 1. Lateral channel migrations and water runoff as their main factor). Geomorfologiya. 2022;53(1):49-64. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428122010072