Dynamic classification of subglacial landforms due to ice sheets at plains

Abstract

A general scheme of genetic-dynamic classification is introduced for the landforms which came into being at the contact between ice and bedrock. Subglacial landforms may be presented as a continuous sequence as the rate of ice movement decreases, one type of movement changes into another and the mechanism of the relief formation is subsequently altered. Several large groups of subglacial origin are distinguished, i. e. those due to static extrusion, slow viscous-plastic flow, intensive viscous-plastic flow, expiration topography formed by ice-blocks sliding, as well as landforms due to erosion by subglacial pressure water.