Relief structure of the Lake Ladoga bottom based on seismic-acoustic and bathymetric data

A large amount of data on geological structure, quaternary deposits and bottom sediments of Lake Ladoga was obtained during the last 70 years. Meanwhile, bottom geomorphology of the lake is poorly studied. In most of cases geomorphological description includes only short morphometric characteristics and large-scale bottom elements description. In the present study new materials on Lake Ladoga bottom geomorphology is presented. Ultrahigh-resolution seismic data of 2014 and 2015 expeditions on research vessel “Ekolog” (Organizers: Saint-Petersburg State University, Marine Research Center of MSU, and Karelian Scientific Center of RAS), as well as digital bathymetric model of the basin, developed in the Institute of Limnology of SPB FRC RAS were used as original data. As a result of geomorphological interpretation 6 geomorphological genetic types were characterized: denudative constructive, erosional subequal, lacustrine, glacial, fluvioglacial marginal, and glacial lacustrine. Meso- and macroscale forms such as plains, ridges, hollows, valleys were distinguished. Signs of neotectonic movements north of Vallaam archipelago were approved. Terminal glacial landforms produced during the Neva stage of the Ostashkov glaciation were traced in the central part of the lake. Conditions and forms of the postglacial landscape development were characterized. These data were used to construct 1:1000000 scale geomorphological scheme applying the morphogenetic approach of analytical geomorphological mapping.

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