Development of a reference transect based on GPR data for wetlands in the south-eastern part of the Onega Lowland

P. A. Ryazantsev; P. A. Ignashov

doi:10.31857/10.31857/S2949178923040096

Development of a reference transect based on GPR data for wetlands in the south-eastern part of the Onega Lowland

P. A. Ryazantsev, P. A. Ignashov

https://doi.org/10.31857/10.31857/S2949178923040096

EDN: YCAWCP

Full Text:

PDF (Rus) |

Generate QR code

Abstract

The post-glacial development of the Lake Onega coast, together with modern processes, creates conditions for the formation of complex coastal ecosystems that may be vulnerable to possible climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Such systems include wetlands extending along the eastern and southern coasts of Lake Onega. The area of a special interest is near the mouth of the Andoma River, as it combines the influence of the riverbed processes of a large river, the dynamics of the coast of Lake Onega, and peat lands development. The aim of the research was a detailed study of the structure of the Holocene deposits in the lake-river interval on the northern bank of the Andoma River, which reflects the stages of formation and variability of the natural conditions of the lakeside lowland. A reference transects including 4,800 m long GPR profile, supplemented with boreholes was created. The complex study of GPR cross-section and peat cores revealed the internal structure of the peat bog. A plateau-like uplift of the mineral base of the bog, framed by rupture zones with accompanying watercourses, was found. This area is considered as a deformation formed because of glacial dislocations or because of neotectonic deformations. Besides the main structural elements, local erosion incisions accompanied by sandy deposits, which could be confined to the buried paleochannels of the Andoma River, were found at the top of the limno-alluvial sediments. Analysis of the complex transect together with a vegetation description showed a difference in biological and environmental conditions zones, which contribute to biological diversity of the study site. In the future, the reference transects development provides a basis for the initial identification of vulnerabilities and long-term monitoring of the ecological transformation of ecosystems.

Keywords

Lake Onega, Andoma River, GPR patterns, peatlands, biodiversity, ecological gradient

About the Authors

P. A. Ryazantsev

Department of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, Karelian Research Centre of RAS, Petrozavodsk
Russian Federation

P. A. Ignashov

Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of RAS, Petrozavodsk
Russian Federation

References

1. Abramova T.G. (1965) Mires of the Vologda Region, their zoning and agricultural use. Severo-Zapad evropejskoj chasti SSSR. Vol. 4. Leningrad: Leningrad University (Publ.). P. 65–93. (in Russ.).

2. Bricheva S.S., Matasov V.M., Shilov P. M. (2017) Ground penetrating radar (GPR) as a part of integrated landscape studies on peatlands. Geoekologiya. Inzheneraya geologiya. Gidrogeologiya. Geokriologiya. No 3. P. 76–83. (in Russ.).

3. Buslovich A.L., Garkusha V.I., Nikolaev V.A. et al. (2021) Gosudarstvennaya geologicheskaya karta Rossijskoj Federacii masshtaba 1:200000. Izdanie vtoroe. Seriya Onezhskaya. List P-37-XXV (Vytegra). Ob"yasnitel'naya zapiska (State geological map of the Russian Federation, scale 1:200000. Second edition. Onega series. Sheet P-37-XXV (Vytegra). Explanatory letter). Moscow: VSEGEI. 124 p. (in Russ.). [Electronic data]. URL: http://geo.mfvsegei.ru/200k/Zap/Zap_P-37-XXV.pdf (access date: 31.03.2023)

4. Carless D., Kulessa B., Booth A.D. et al. (2021). An integrated geophysical and GIS based approach improves estimation of peatland carbon stocks. Geoderma. Vol. 402. 115176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115176

5. Chebotareva V.A. (2019) Late and post glacial sediments in the section of a low terraceon, the southwest coast of lake Onega. Transactions of Kola Science Centre. Vol. 10. No. 6(1). P. 273–278. https://doi.org/10.25702/KSC.2307-5252.2019.6.040

6. Comas X., Slater L., Reeve A. (2005) Stratigraphic controls on pool formation in a domed bog inferred from ground penetrating radar (GPR). Journal of Hydrology. Vol. 315. No 1-4. P. 40–51. (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.04.020

7. Comas X., Slater L., Reeve A.S. (2011) Pool patterning in a northern peatland: Geophysical evidence for the role of postglacial landforms. Journal of hydrology. Vol. 399. No. 3-4. P. 173–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.12.031

8. Comas X., Terry N., Hribljan J.A. et al. (2017). Estimating belowground carbon stocks in peatlands of the Ecuadorian páramo using ground‐penetrating radar (GPR). Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. Vol. 122. No 2. P. 370–386. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003550

9. Demidov I. N. (2006) O maksimal'noj stadii razvitiya Onezhskogo prilednikovogo ozera, izmeneniyah ego urovnya i glyacioizostaticheskom podnyatii poberezhij v pozdnelednikov'e (On the maximum stage of development of the Onega periglacial lake, changes in its level and glacioisostatic uplift of the coasts in the late glacial period). Geology and Commercial Minerals of Karelia. Vol. 9. P. 171–182. (in Russ.).

10. Engalychev S.Yu. (2007) Geological structure and genesis of dislocations on the Andoma Hills. Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg University. Earth Sciences. No. 1. P. 32–39. (in Russ.).

11. Filatov N., Baklagin V., Efremova T. et al. (2019) Climate change impacts on the watersheds of Lakes Onego and Ladoga from remote sensing and in situ data. Inland Waters. Vol. 9. No. 2. P. 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/20442041.2018.1533355

12. Filonenko I.V., Philipov D.A. (2013) Estimation of the area of mires in the Vologda Region. Trudy Instorfa. No. 7. P. 3–11. (in Russ.).

13. Hare D.K., Boutt D.F., Clement W.P. et al. (2017). Hydrogeological controls on spatial patterns of groundwater discharge in peatlands. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. Vol. 21. No 12. P. 6031–6048. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6031-2017

14. Ignatov Е.I., Borshchenko E.V., Zagoskin A.L. et al. (2017) Connection between the geological structure of lake Onego region, its topographic evolution and the dynamics of the lake shores. Transactions of KarRC RAS. No. 3. P. 65–78. (in Russ.). http://dx.doi.org/10.17076/lim514

15. Ivanishcheva E.A. (2010) Ecological network of Vytegra district in Vologda Region. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Vol. 12. No. 1(5). P. 1383–1386. (in Russ.).

16. Ivanov A.O., Lukshevich E.V., Stinkulis G.V. et. al. (2003) Andoma Hill - a unique geological monument. Paleontologiya i prirodopol'zovanie. Tezisy dokladov XLIV – sessii paleontologicheskogo ob-va. Saint Petersburg. P. 98–100. (in Russ.).

17. Kettridge N., Binley A., Comas X. et al. (2012). Do peatland microforms move through time? Examining the developmental history of a patterned peatland using ground‐penetrating radar. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. Vol. 117. No. G3. G03030. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001876

18. Kaufman Z.S. (Ed.). (1990) Ekosistema Onezhskogo ozera i tendencii ee izmeneniya [Ecosystem of Lake Onega and trends in its change]. Leningrad: Nauka (Publ.). 264 p. (in Russ.)

19. Kolodyazhny S.Yu., Baluev A.S., Terekhov E.N. (2016) Andoma Segment of Southeastern Margin of Fennoscandian Shield: Structure and Evolution. Geotectonics. No. 4. P. 48–67. https://doi.org/10.7868/S0016853X16040056 (in Russ.).

20. Leopold M., Völkel J. (2003) GPR images of periglacial slope deposits beneath peat bogs in the Central European Highlands, Germany. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Vol. 211. No. 1. P. 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.211.01.1

21. Loisel J., Yu Z., Parsekian A., Nolan J., Slater L. (2013). Quantifying landscape morphology influence on peatland lateral expansion using ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and peat core analysis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. Vol. 118. No. 2. P. 373–384. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrg.20029

22. Neal A. (2004) Ground-penetrating radar and its use in sedimentology: principles, problems and progress. Earth-science reviews. Vol. 66. No 3-4. P. 261–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.01.004

23. Parsekian A. D., Slater L., Ntarlagiannis D. et al. (2012). Uncertainty in peat volume and soil carbon estimated using ground‐penetrating radar and probing. Soil Science Society of America Journal. Vol. 76. No. 5. P. 1911–1918. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2012.0040

24. Pezdir V., Čeru T., Horn B., Gosar M. (2021). Investigating peatland stratigraphy and development of the Šijec bog (Slovenia) using near-surface geophysical methods. Catena. Vol. 206. 105484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2021.105484

25. Philipov D.A. (2008) Struktura i dinamika ekosistem pojmennyh bolot bassejna Onezhskogo ozera (Vologodskaya oblast) (Structure and dynamics of ecosystems of floodplain mires of the Lake Onega basin (Vologda Region)). PhD thesis. Vologda. 219 p. (in Russ.).

26. Proulx-McInnis S., St-Hilaire A., Rousseau A.N., Jutras S. (2013). A review of ground-penetrating radar studies related to peatland stratigraphy with a case study on the determination of peat thickness in a northern boreal fen in Quebec, Canada. Progress in Physical Geography. Vol. 37. No. 6. P. 767–786. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133313501106

27. Ryazantsev P.A., Ignashov P.A. (2019) Ground Penetrating Radar measurements of bog deposits (a case study of the Zaonezhskii Peninsula, Karelia). Geography and Natural Resources. No. 4. P. 125–134. (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21782/GIPR0206-1619-2019-4(125-134)

28. Sass O., Friedmann A., Haselwanter G., Wetzel K.F. (2010). Investigating thickness and internal structure of alpine mires using conventional and geophysical techniques. Catena. Vol. 80. No. 3. P. 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2009.11.006

29. Subetto D.A. (Ed.). (2022) Paleolimnologiya Onezhskogo ozera: ot prilednikovogo ozera k sovremennym usloviyam (Paleolimnology of Lake Onega: from the periglacial lake to modern conditions). Petrozavodsk: KarRC RAS. 333 p. (in Russ.).

30. Trappe J., Kneisel C. (2019). Geophysical and sedimentological investigations of peatlands for the assessment of lithology and subsurface water pathways. Geosciences. Vol. 9. No. 3. 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9030118

31. Vladov M.L., Starovojtov A.V. (2004) Vvedenie v georadiolokaciyu (Introduction to GPR). Moscow: MSU (Publ.). 153 p. (in Russ.).

32. Walter J., Hamann G., Lück E. et al. (2016) Stratigraphy and soil properties of fens: Geophysical case studies from northeastern Germany. Catena. Vol. 142. P. 112–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.02.028

Supplementary files

Review

For citations:

Ryazantsev P.A., Ignashov P.A. Development of a reference transect based on GPR data for wetlands in the south-eastern part of the Onega Lowland. Geomorfologiya i Paleogeografiya. 2023;54(4):57-71. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/10.31857/S2949178923040096. EDN: YCAWCP