Phases of erosion at Middle-Russian highland during Holocene

Abstract

For the first time C¹⁴ data on- the humic acids of holocene beams, slopes and flood bed deposits and buried soils are represented (25 darings). Five buried soils of different age, divided by deluvial or alluvial layers may be distinguished. Three of them are most widespread: Early Atlantic, Subboreal and Subatlantic. Soil development occurs predominantly during climatic optimums of Holocene - the most favorable epochs. During Holocene soil erosion was activated repeatedly due to natural conditions in the most cold, dry and fire hazard periods. Intensity of erosion reached its maximum in the early Iron age in connection with human activity and became catastrophic in the late period of land development (400-100 years b.p.).