Distribution and morphometric characteristics of beaded channels in the northern part of the steppe zone of the Russian Plain
https://doi.org/10.31857/S2949178924040089
EDN: FGBFIS
Abstract
other for a considerable length of the river are called “beaded channels” or “chain-of-ponds”. They are a specific insufficiently studied morphodynamic type of small river channels widespread in the cryolithozone and in the steppe. The origin of such channels in permafrost is considered to be erosion-thermokarst. But the mechanisms of channel widening in the steppe are still debated. Even in adjacent territories they are explained by different reasons: cryogenic relics of the late Neopleistocene, irregular siltation and other processes. In this paper, the frequency of occurrence of beaded-shaped channels in the northern regions of the steppe zone of the European part of Russia was assessed. Their distribution in small rivers of the Khoper-Buzuluk Plain and Kalachskaya Upland was analyzed. Morphometric analysis of channel parameters was carried out on one of the typical small rivers, the Kardail. It was found that beaded channels are characteristic of steppe rivers with catchment areas from 44 km2 to 9000 km2 and with the range of gradients from 0.26 m/km to 1.35 m/km. With catchment areas greater than 1600 km2, beads are only observed in channel branches and cutoffs. In the unbranched rivers the beads are most often observed within meanders that have a ratio of half of wavelength to channel width greater than 10 and no evidence of active channel dynamics on the banks. The length of a beaded type channel can reach 80% of entire length of the river. Two types of beads have been identified, differing in size, location in the channel, and expression within the high-level or low-level floodplain berms. The beads expressed only in the edges of the low-level floodplain are probably associated with uneven overgrowing of the degrading channel and the formation of a young floodplain, while beads expressed in the edges of high-level floodplain are most likely formed by external factors, such as cryogenic or suffusion.
Supporting agencies: The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation, project № 23-27-00008, https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-27-00008/
About the Authors
A. A. Kamyshev
Moscow State Lomonosov University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. A. Kyrakova
Moscow State Lomonosov University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. M. Tarbeeva
Moscow State Lomonosov University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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For citations:
Kamyshev A.A., Kyrakova A.A., Tarbeeva A.M. Distribution and morphometric characteristics of beaded channels in the northern part of the steppe zone of the Russian Plain. Geomorfologiya i Paleogeografiya. 2024;55(4):129-143. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S2949178924040089. EDN: FGBFIS
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