GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM OF PROTECTING THE SHORES OF THE SAKHALIN ISLAND
https://doi.org/10.15356/0435-4281-2015-2-28-37
Abstract
The presence of the frozen grounds on the coasts including the barrier lagoon ones, thermo-abrasion observed on some sites, the presence of shore ice and icings lasting up to the end of May, allow to consider the shores of the north-western and eastern Sakhalin as subarctic type.
It was determined that during last 50 years more than 15 км2 of accumulated plain was lost as a result of shore erosion only in the north and south-east of Sakhalin Island. The spatial structure of erosion has existed in its general outline since the 1930s. Since 1940 the extension of eroded shores has enlarged nearly two times. The spatial rhythms of erosion with wave length about 30 and 60 km determine the main regularities of shore erosion pattern.
The formation of non-uniformity of beach structure and accordingly the irregular distribution of its wave-decreasing properties along the shore were considered. On the seashore of Sakhalin more than thirty sites were found, where quasi-rhythmic forms of shore relief were observed. But all the deformations of underwater relief were observed only in the frames of rated close depth.
The special attention was devoted to the changes of wave-suppression characteristics of the beach during beach deposits freezing and under the open sea influence. The freezing of the 40-50 cm of the upper parts of shore profile and decrease of wave-suppression characteristics (mainly drainage and roughness), caused by this, occurred during this period before the formation of the shore ice and icings (1.5–2 months). According to the observations the height of swash zone increases by 30–45%. The calculations showed that the height of wave run-up for bank slope of storm bar may increase owing to freezing by 2–2.5 times.
About the Author
V. V. Afanas’yevRussian Federation
References
1. Haruyuki K. Vulnerability and Adaptation to Sea-Level Rise in Japan. Conf. on Coastal Impacts of Climate Change and Adaptation in the Asia-Pacific Region. Kobe, Japan. November 14–16, 2000. C. 42–43.
2. Afanas’yev V.V. Evolution of the Far East seas coasts in Holocene, in Evolyutsiya beregov v usloviyakh podnyatiya urovnya okeana (Coasts evolution under the water level banked up). 1992, pp. 166–174.
3. Afanas’yev V.V., Myglan M.Yu., Tiper A.I. Forecast of accumulative coasts abrasion, in Yubileyniy vypusk DVNIGMI (DVNIGMI anniversary issue). Vladivostok: Dal’nauka (Publ.), 2000, 50 p.
4. Afanas’yev V.V. The North-Western Sakhalin coasts abrasion, in Beregovaya zona dal’nevostochnykh morey (Coast zone of the Far East seas.) Leningrad: Izd-vo GO SSSR (Publ.), 1991, pp. 98–104.
5. Dolan R., Hayden B. Storms and shoreline configuration. Journ. Sediment. Petrol. 1981. V. 51. № 3. P. 737–744.
6. Popov B.A., Sovershaev V.A. Some patterns of the Asian arctic coasts dymanics. Vopr. Geogr. M.: Mysl’ (Publ.), 1982, pp. 105–116.
7. Aybulatov N.A. Deyatelnost’ Rossii v pribrezhnoy zone morya I problem ecologii (Russian activity in the coastal part of seas and ecological issues). M.: Nauka (Publ.), 2005, 364 c.
8. Afanas’yev V.V., Ignatov E.I. Geoecology of the Sakhalin coastal zone. Probl. Region. Ecol., 2009, no. 6, pp. 275–280 (in Russ.).
9. Afanas’yev V.V., Ignatov E.I.., Saf’yanov G.A., Chistov S.V. Coasts protection in Vzmor’e, Sakhalin, by the methods of debris deficit compensation, in Sozdanie I ispol’zovanie zemel’nykh uchastkov na beregah I akvatorii vodoemov (Land parcel creating and usage along the coasts and in offshores areas), Proc. Int. Conf. 2009, pp. 181–187.
10. Shevchenko G.V., Kato A. Sea level variations in the southern part of the Okhotsk Sea. The 7th Int. Symp. on Okhotsk Sea and Sea Ice: Abstracts. Hokkaido: Mombetsu, 1992. P. 326–328.
11. Bruun P. The Bruun rule of erosion by sea-level rise: a discussion on large-scale two- and three-dimensional usages. Journ. of Coastal Res. 1988. V. 4. № 4. P. 627–648.
12. Guza R.T., Inman D.L. Edge waves and beach cusps. Journ. Geophys. Res. 1975. V. 80. № 21. P. 2997–3012.
13. Eshchenko L.A., Shipilova L.M. Low frequency wave movements and their relation with shoal relief. Geomorfologiya (Geomorphology RAS), 1994, no. 3, pp. 62–69 (in Russ.).
14. Eshchenko L.A., Shipilova L.M. Regime of low frequency wave movements in coastal part of the North-Western Caspian Sea. Vodn. Resour., 2002, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 20–424 (in Russ.).
15. Kovalev G.V., Shevchenko G.V. Eksperimentalnye issledovaniya dlinnovolnovykh processov na severo-zapadnom shelfe Tikhogo okeana (Experimental research of low wave processes on the North-Western Pacific shelf). Vladivostok: Dal’nauka (Publ.), 2008, 214 p.
16. Kovalev P.D., Gorbunov A.O., Plekhanov F.A., etc. Experimental results in the zone of highway erosion. Mir Transporta, 2013, no. 1, pp. 140–145 (in Russ.).
17. Hallermeier R.J. A Profile Zonation for Seasonal Sand Beaches from Wave Climate. Coastal Engineering. 1981. V. 4. P. 253–277.
18. Marakhtanov V.P. Valuation of thermal conditions in arctic coasts dynamics, in Dinamika arkticheskikh poberezhiy Rossii (Russian arctic coasts dynamics). Moscow: Izd-vo MGU (Publ.), 1998, pp. 49–64.
19. SNiP 2.06.04-82*. Nagruxki I voadeystviya na gidrotekhnicheskie sooruzheniya (volnovye, ledovye I ot sudov) (Construction Norms & Regulations 2.06.04-82* Loads and impact on hydro-technical utilities (wave, ice and from shipping)). M.: Gosstroy (Publ.), 1989, 73 p.
20. Afanasiev V.V., Zhiruev S.P., Okopnii V.I. The snow mantle influence on morphodynamic properties of the sand beaches of the sub-arctic seas, in Fizika, Khimiya I mekhanika snega (Ice Physics, Chemistry and Mechanics), Proc. Int. Symp., 12–17 June 2011.
21. Afanas’yev V.V., Myglan M.Yu., Tiper A.I. Bay coast development under 50 years of man-made impact (the Chukot coast), in Geograficheskie issledovaniya morskikh poberezhiy (Geographical research of marine coasts). Vladivostok: Izd-vo DVGU (Publ.), 1998, pp. 35–43.
22. Dheko A.I., Pospelov G.P., Krupoderov V.S., etc. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po sostavleniyu dolgosrochnykh prognozov ekzogennykh geologicheskikh protsessov v sisteme gosudarstvennogo monitoringa geologicheskoy sredy (Guideline for long-term forecast of exogenous geological processes drafting in the system of state monitoring of geological environment). M: VSEGINGEO, 1999, 79 p.
Review
For citations:
Afanas’yev V.V. GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM OF PROTECTING THE SHORES OF THE SAKHALIN ISLAND. Geomorfologiya. 2015;(2):28-37. https://doi.org/10.15356/0435-4281-2015-2-28-37
Email this article 