CRYOGENESIS AND EROSION LANDFORMS DEVELOPMENT IN THE SELENGA MOUNTAINOUS FOREST-STEPPE LANDSCAPES (SOUTHEASTERN SIBERIA) DURING THE LATE GLACIAL AND HOLOCENE
https://doi.org/10.7868/S0435428118020074
Abstract
Based on the results of field research, analysis of high-resolution satellite images, detailed study and dating of sediments and soils of the Nadeinovo, Nizhniy Bulanka and Kuitun sections in the Western Transbaikalia, the areas of modern development of cryogenic processes and horizons with cryoturbations of 14.2–11.7 kyr BP were revealed. Modern cryogenic processes (frost heaving, cracking) are clearly manifested in wetlands of river valleys. Small (up to 1 m) tufura drums and thermokarst depressions predominate in the riverbeds of Kuitunka and Tarbagatayka. The time of formation of paleocryogenic horizons was established in the Nadeino section, where three layers were distinguished with cryogenic deformations dated to ~14.2–14.0, ~12.7–12.5 and 11.9–11.7 cal kyr BP. In the Nizhniy Bulanka section, a thick cryogenic horizon was found, which formed ~12.8 kyr BP. In the Kuytun section, a buried thermoerosion- suffosion gully was discovered that formed ~14.5–14.3 kyr BP. There are syngenetic and epigenetic cryogenic horizons. In the Kuitunka river basin, polygonal-block morphology is distinguishable within plowed areas of watersheds and slopes on high-resolution satellite images. Dimensions of the hillocks range from 4 to 50 m, height – 0.5–2 m. The hummocks are divided by depressions and hollows. The time of formation of this paleocryogenic relief is the Early Sartan (29–23 kyr BP). Subsequently, the polygonal-block relief experienced several stages of formation and destruction and in the Holocene turned into a hilly-valleys relief with the island distribution of permafrost. Thawing of permafrost in the warming of the Late Glacial and early Holocene caused the activation of thermal erosion, linear erosion, suffosion and changes in the microrelief in the upper parts of the erosion network. Modern dells, rills, gullies partially inherit paleocryogenic depressions and troughs.
About the Authors
Yu. V. RYZHOV
Institute of the Earths Crust SB RAS
V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS
Irkutsk Scientific Centre SB RAS
Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russia
Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russia
V. A. GOLUBTSOV
V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS
Irkutsk Scientific Centre SB RAS
Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russia
Russian Federation
Irkutsk, Russia
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For citations:
RYZHOV Yu.V., GOLUBTSOV V.A. CRYOGENESIS AND EROSION LANDFORMS DEVELOPMENT IN THE SELENGA MOUNTAINOUS FOREST-STEPPE LANDSCAPES (SOUTHEASTERN SIBERIA) DURING THE LATE GLACIAL AND HOLOCENE. Geomorfologiya. 2018;(2):89-98. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.7868/S0435428118020074
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