Sequences of catastrophic geomorphic processes in the river valleys of volcanic regions
https://doi.org/10.7868/S0435428118040041
Abstract
In the river valleys of volcanic regions, in addition to exogenous causes, endogenous factors – primarily eruptions – are the catalyst of catastrophic processes, which are often cause volcanic mudflows – lahars, conditioned by the melting of glaciers covering the volcanoes, snow, or rainfalls that happen immediately after the eruption. This sequence of catastrophic events – “eruption – volcanic mudflow” – is quite common and well studied, but it’s obvious from detailed consideration that the formation of mudflow in the valleys of volcanically active regions is due to very diverse sources and many factors and agents can be involved in this chain. The eruption often provokes series of 2–3 interrelated and sequentially developing catastrophes, i.e. a cascade of catastrophic processes is formed. On the base of the existing examples, 15 chains of catastrophic processes in the valleys of volcanic regions are considered that are caused by diverse volcanic activity and accompanying events – seismic shocks, changes in topography of the terrain, hydrothermal activity and erosion. The final event of the chains, as a rule, is mudflow descent, that may occur repeatedly. Their formation is due to the erosion of loose material that filled the valleys or breakthroughs of the dams of the emerged pond lakes. The time for the realization of all the events of such a chain may continue through a few decades, or even centuries.
Keywords
Supporting agencies: This work was supported by the RFBR (project No. 18-05-00967), data were collected on the topic of the State Administration of the IG RAS
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For citations:
Lebedeva E.V. Sequences of catastrophic geomorphic processes in the river valleys of volcanic regions. Geomorfologiya. 2018;(4):38-55. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.7868/S0435428118040041
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