History of geomorphological mapping in the Arctic

F. A. Romanenko; S. V. Kharchenko

doi:10.31857/S0435428122010102

History of geomorphological mapping in the Arctic

F. A. Romanenko, S. V. Kharchenko

https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428122010102

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Abstract

The article is based on review of published and archived materials related to the history of the mapping the Arctic Relief in the XIX–XXI centuries. The first attempts to represent relief and geomorphological zoning in the map format in Russia and Europe goes back to 1880–1910. In the Arctic, the first geomorphological works and the first maps were produced by R. Koettlitz, A. Armitage, M.N. Ivanychuk, geologists of the mining and geological department of GUSMP. Scientific foundations of mapping techniques developed by K.K Markov, A.I. Spiridonov, Z.A. Svarichevskaya, Leningrad school of geomorphological mapping, using the experience M.M. Tetyaeva, I.N. Gladcin and Ya.S. Edelstein. Unfortunately, many pioneers of geomorphological mapping in the Arctic were repressed in the 1930–1950s. It is shown that geomorphological mapping in the north of the USSR was always closely connected with geological survey. Its “golden age” falls into 1950–1970s. – State geological survey. Although geomorphological map was excluded from the compilation of the State Geolmap-1000 third-generation kit, but the analysis of relief remains one of the main method of investigation in supporting different concepts of relief formation in the Arctic. Principles of geomorphological mapping, different concepts of origin of the relief and unconsolidated deposits, discussion of many geological and geomorphological issues significantly enrich the general theory of terrestrial and marine geomorphology of the Polar regions. Because of the contribution of hundreds of participants of geological and geomorphological surveys, Russia has a series of high-quality geomorphological maps that are not only accurately illustrate the land surface, but also shows the deep fundamental geomorphological knowledge. The advancement of geomorphological mapping in the Arctic would be based on traditional approach of geomorphology, walking across unknown land, which still remains plenty the Arctic has so far, and complemented with new digital and space bases research. That further development could not even be imagined by the first arctic geomorphologists.

Keywords

geomorphological map, Arctic, geological survey, Arcticrazvedka

About the Authors

F. A. Romanenko

Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation

Faculty of Geography

Moscow

S. V. Kharchenko

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Institute of Geography RAS
Russian Federation

Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University

Moscow

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Review

For citations:

Romanenko F.A., Kharchenko S.V. History of geomorphological mapping in the Arctic. Geomorfologiya. 2022;53(1):3-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0435428122010102