The Upper Kama valley evolution during Holocene according to alluvium studies

Abstract

Differentiated character of the earthcrust recent movements within the Upper Kama drainage basin control the changes of the alluvium dynamic phases from instrative to constructive one downstream. The instrative alluvium is deposited where the river crosses positive morphostructure of the Upper Kama, the constructive alluvium-within the limits of the Middle Kama negative morphostructure. Local neotectonic uplifts have been identified considering their geological-geomorphic features and the Holocene alluvium composition. Most active young subsidence areas correspond to meridional reaches of the river which coincide with large deep faults in the earthcrust, therefore the basement blocks were active during Holocene. The results of the studies can be used for investigation of tectonics, recent movements, estimation of areas from oil and gas searches point of view as well as placers searches.