MORPHOLOGY AND DYNAMICS OF THE LARGE RIVER COASTS IN THE FROST GROUND ZONE (MIDDLE LENA NEAR YAKUTSK AS AN EXAMPLE)
https://doi.org/10.15356/0435-4281-2014-1-81-91
Abstract
Major features of bank erosion within the middle course of the Lena River are related to the hydrological conditions of flowing water contact with different floodplain levels, and variations in floodplain lithology. Formative discharges of the spring freshet correspond to the frozen sandy strata of the high floodplain banks, thus promoting thermal erosion of the latter. Effectiveness of the thermal erosion increases with the increase in bank height and is highest for high floodplain and terrace levels. Morphology of the banks depends not on the rate of their washing out, but on the influx of the sediments at their base. Volume of eroded bank material exceeds the annual bedload runoff due to the large extent of the eroded bank within the studied Lena River reach.
References
1. Chalov R.S. Why do riverbanks are eroded? Soros Educ. Journ., 2000, v. 6, no 2, pp. 99–106 (In Russ.).
2. Mars J.C., Houseknecht D.W. Quantitative remote sensing study indicates doubling of coastal erosion rate in past 50 yr along a segment of the Arctic coast of Alaska. Geology, 2007, v. 35(7), pp. 583–586.
3. Costard F., Gautier E., Brunstein D. et al. Impact of the global warming on the fluvial thermal erosion over the Lena River in central Siberia. Geophysical Research Letters, 2007, v. 34, L14501, doi: 10.1029/2007GL030212.
4. Nanson G.C., Hickin E.J. A statistical analysis of bank erosion and channel migration in western Canada. Geological Society of America Bul, 1986, v. 97, pp. 497–504.
5. Darby S.E., Thorne C.R. Development and testing of a riverbank stability analysis. Journ. Of Hydraulic Engineering, 1997, v. 122, pp. 433–454.
6. Shur Yu.L., Petrukhin N.P., Slavin-Borovskiy V.B. Riverbanks erosion in cryolithozone, in Kriogennye protsessy (Cryogenic processes). Мoscow: Nauka (Publ.), 1978, pp. 57–73 (In Russ.).
7. Are F.E. Frozen rocks influence on river banks erosion in cryolithozone, in Regionalnye kriolitologicheskie issledovaniya v Sibiri (Regional cryolithologic researches in Siberia). Yakutsk: Izd. In-ta merzlotovedeniya SO AN SSSR (Publ.), 1979, pp. 107-117 (In Russ.).
8. Julian J.P., Torres R. Hydraulic erosion of cohesive riverbanks. Geomorphology, 2006, v. 76, pp. 193–206.
9. Berkovitch K.M., Vlasov B.N. Characteristics of riverbed processes on the rivers of Nonchernozem belt of RSFSR. Vestn. Mos.Univ. Ser 5: Geogr, 1982, no. 2, pp. 28–34 (In Russ.).
10. Thorne C.R. Effects of vegetation on river-bank erosion and stability. Vegetation and erosion. Chichester: Wiley & Sons, 1990, pp. 203–233.
11. Aguirre-Puente J., Costard F., Posado-Cano R. Contribution to the study of thermal erosion on Mars. Journ. of Geophysical Research, 1994, v. 99, pp. 5657–5667.
12. Randriamazaoro R., Dupeyrat L., Costard F., Carey-Gailhardis E. Fluvial thermal erosion: heat balance integral method. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2007, v. 32, pp. 1828–1840.
13. Dupeyrat L., Costard F., Randriamazaoro R. et al. Effects of ice content on the thermal erosion of permafrost: implications for coastal and fluvial erosion. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 2011, v. 22, pp. 179–187.
14. Khmyznikov P.K. Gidrologiya bassejna reki Yany (The River Yana basin hydrology). Leningrad: Izd-vo AN SSSR (Publ.), 1934, 252 p.
15. Walker H.J., Arnborg L. Permafrost and ice-wedge effect on river bank erosion. Proceedings of the Intern. Conf. on Permafrost. Washington: D.C., 1966, pp. 164–171.
16. Kaplina T.A. Kriogennye sklonovye protsessy (Cryogenic slope processes). Moscow: Nauka (Publ.), 1965, 295 p.
17. Sukhodrovskiy V.L. Ekzogennoe relefoobrazovanie v kriolitozone (Exogenous relief forming in cryolithozone). Moscow: Nauka, 1979, 280 p.
18. Lawler D.M. Needle ice processes and sediment mobilization on river banks: the river Ilston, West Glamorgan, UK. Journ. of Hydrology, 1993, v. 150, pp. 81–114.
19. Tolstov A.N. Some data concerning banks erosion in the lower Indigirka river, in Voprosy geografii Yakutii (Yakutia geography questions). Yakutsk: Yakutsk. kn. Izd-vo (Publ.), 1956, iss. 2, pp. 123–128 (In Russ.).
20. Ashton W.S., Bredthauer S.R. Riverbank erosion processes on the Yukon river at Galena, Alaska. Proceedings of the Cold Regions Hydrology Symp. Fairbanks, AK, 1986, pp. 415–423.
21. Costard F., Dupeyrat L., Gautier E., Carey-Gailhardis E. Fluvial erosion along a rapid eroding river bank: application to the Lena River (central Siberia). Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2003, v. 29, pp. 1349–1359.
22. Zaytsev A.A., Chalov R.S. The river Lena riverbed processes and river regulation in the Yakutsk city region. Vodn. Resources, 1989, no. 5, pp. 75–81 (In Russ.).
23. Zaytsev A.A., Tananayev N.I. The river Lena multiple branched bed longstanding reformatting in the «Yakutskij razboj» region and soil freezing influence on it. Geomorfologiya (Geomorphology RAS), 2008, no. 1, pp. 25–35 (In Russ.).
24. Vodnye puti bassejna Leny (The river Lena basin water ways). Moscow: MIKIS (Publ.), 1995, 600 p.
25. NASA Landsat Program, 1972–2011, Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, L1G, USGS, Sioux Falls. Data available from U.S. Geological Survey at: http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov.
26. Tananayev N.I. Seasonal and longstanding river beds frost penetration of North-Eastern Russia and its influence on river bed processes, in Makkaveevskie chteniya-2006 (Makkaveyev Proc. 2006). Moscow: Izd-vo MGU (Publ.), 2007, pp. 62–73 (In Russ.).
27. Gautier E., Costard F. Les systemes fl uviaux a chenaux anastomoses en milieu periglaciale: la Lena et ses principaux affl uents en Siberie Centrale. Geographie Physique et Quaternaire, 2000, v. 54, no. 3, pp. 327–342.
28. Spektor V.B., Bakulina N.T., Spektor V.V. Relief and age of alluvial cover of the river Lena valley on «Yakutskij Razboj». Geomorfologiya (Geomorphology RAS), 2008, no. 1, pp. 87–94 (In Russ.).
29. Chistyakov G.E. River bed processes on the river Lena near Yakutsk city, in Issledovaniya vechnoj merzloty v Yakutskoj respublike (Permafrost studies in the Yakutsk Republic). Moscow: Izd-vo AN SSSR (Publ.), 1952, iss. 3, pp. 15–20 (In Russ.).
30. Tananayev N.I., Anisimova L.A. Estimation of tractional load annual runoff of northern Siberian and North-Eastern Russian rivers. Geogr. Prir. Resur, 2013, no. 1, pp. 148–156 (In Russ.).
31. Chalov R.S. Ruslovedenie: geografiya, teoriya, praktika (River bed studies: geography, theory, practice). Moscow: Izd-vo LKI (Publ.), 2008, v. 1, 608 p.
32. Fredsoe J. Meandering and braiding of rivers. Journ. of Fluid Mechanics, 1978, v. 84, pp. 609–624.
33. Tananayev N.I. Stok nanosov I ruslovye protsessy na rekakh kriolitozony (Sediment runoff and river bed processes on the rivers of cryolithozone). Ph.D. Diss. thesis. Moscow: MGU (Publ.), 2007, 26 p.
34. Ermakova A.S., Kirik O.M. River bed morphology and reformatting on the Ust-Aldanskiy region of the river Lena. Geomorfologiya (Geomorphology RAS), 2006, no. 2, pp. 62–73 (In Russ.).
Review
For citations:
Tananayev N.I. MORPHOLOGY AND DYNAMICS OF THE LARGE RIVER COASTS IN THE FROST GROUND ZONE (MIDDLE LENA NEAR YAKUTSK AS AN EXAMPLE). Geomorfologiya. 2014;(1):81-91. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15356/0435-4281-2014-1-81-91
Views:
1131
Email this article 