EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE CLIFFS AND BANKS WASHAWAY

Abstract

Vertical and inclined shores washout processes were simulated in the small-scaled water tunnel with curved bed and in the rectangular-sectioned hydraulic flume. Intensity of the washout of lithologically homogeneous material of vertical shore is in direct correlation with the attack angle of flow on the coast: Wa = 349.8(1 + + 3.21sin3 a), where Wa is the intensity of washout at the attack angle a. The power-low relation (Wb = 82 + 1.72b0.71) of underwater river bank washout intensity (Wb) from its incline (b) to the flow surface is fixed. Mathematic simulation results show that the ratio of side erosion to bottom erosion shifts to bottom erosion if flow velocity was increased. Due to their morphometric, timing and hydraulic parameters these models are closest to the processes parameters and morphology of the beds of slope drainage network of shallow waterflows. Sharp river bed curves, high flow velocities and flow turbulence on the top of high water are typical for them. All these features occur in the river drainage networks as well, especially on the mountainous rivers. On the plain rivers the most adequate are the high water processes analogues as long as high water passes in the berm edges of flood-plain coasts.