The author is going back to the notion of geomorphological formation offered by him earlier and develops some new aspects of it. This notion is compared with «the morphogenetic type of relief». Basaltic table-lands, rift zones and islands areas are taken as an example of geomorphological formation.

According to new data it is possible to subdivide the Upper Pleistocene into two glacials and two interglacials (Fig. 1). Apart of well known Mikulinian Interglacial (Riss-Wurm) younger Karukiilan Interglacial is distingiushed on the base of palaeogeo- morphological, palynological and radiocarbon records:  This interglacial lasted from 50 000 to 39 000 years B. P. Its analogues are identified in various parts of the Earth. The glacial maximum of the Upper Pleistocene coincided with the Brandenburg or Bo- logoye Stage that probably took place before the Karukiilan Interglacial. The following glacial maximum corresponded to the Pomeranian or Vepsian Stage. A long time interval between these stages was distinguished due to geomorphological and lithological features. New point of view change former ideas on the development of morphosculp- ture in the Russian Plain during the Upper Pleistocene. A short survey of this evolution is described on the base of radiocarbon time-scale. Special reference is given to the deglaciation period (Tables 1, 2). It is shown that the successive shrinking of inlandice was not followed by large retreats of ice margin to the centre of glaciated area during interstadials. Ice sheet was a very inert formation. Russian Plain became completely ice free in the late Allerod, about 11 000 years B. P.

Presented are maps of the depth of bed and the density of river estuaries on the coastal territory of North-East Vietnam. Analysis of these maps, supplemented by field investigations, made it possible to distinguish two types of morphostructural zones — those of northeastern and northwestern trends. These zones have shown good correspon­dence with zones singled out on the basis of geophysical investigations. The author defines two types of relations between relief and base structure, and summary amplitudes of uplift and subsidence of morphostructures in Quaternary time.

The analysis of a number of rivers in the Tien Shan helps to define Г-like and T-like valley systems, connected with areas of differentiated newest movements. These valley systems are used for getting additional information while deciphering the newest structural plan.

In West Bashkiria pseudotectonic (exotectonic) negative local structures have been established. Their genesis is associated with paleokarst. They must be taken into account in oil-prospecting.

The Institute of Deserts of the Turkmenian Academy of Sciences has undertaken special investigations, the results of which help to detect a number of important regu­larities of the mechanism of formation, movement, and the development of eolian forms of relief. Definition of these regularities makes it possible to solve a number of practical tasks while taking measures against sand accumulations at different objects built in deserts.

On the basis of a number of geomorphological, geological, and geophysical data Ihe authors draw a conclusion on the belonging of glacial deposits, developed in the center of the Hollow, to an independent glaciation, which has not been defined here earlier. By its dimensions the glaciation is much larger than the previous one, which up to recently has been considered maximum.

An analysis of the petrographic composition of glacial deposits has shown that there could have been a tectonic uplift of the Kurai Ridge in the Quaternary time, which caused a rearrangement of the hydrographic network and a dislocation of the interfluve.