The present-day geomorphic processes can be directly observed and assessed. Since man-induced processes (technogenous) are most important, «the present-day» chronological interval includes the century of revolution in science and technology, its lower limit being approximately at the end of XIX - beginning of XX century. The map's legend distinguishes exogenous, endogenous and technogenous processes. One or several leading processes are to be shown, which are most important in the relief's model ling. The rate of processes is roughly estimated qualitatively (expert assessment) and can be later determined quantitatively. Technogenous processes are subdivided in the legend according to kinds of human actions.

A series of problems not yet settled exists in the geomorphological prognosis. Those are considered in the paper: problem of prognostic model ling, character and special features of the time f actor, specific correlation of the development controlled by external and internal factors, assessment of importance and significance of conceptual approach, problem of integrated geographic approach and automation of the process (more precisely - construction of geographic information systems aimed at prognosis)

Rejuvenated mountains on continents form three types of mountain belts: Mongolian-Siberian type, where the tectonic relief is in close association with deep-seated structure, Uralian-Appalachian type (within zones of continental platforms approach), type of continental margins (or East-Asian), elements of which come into being as a response to active subsidence within marginal seas of the Pacific. On continents no analogues-exists of the Central Asian belt of rejuvenated mountains or of the East African rift system: the former is formed within an intra-continental collision zone and the latter is the only neotectonic rejuvenated orogen on southern continents. Causes and conditions of the formation of rejuvenated mountain belts are various. A great importance is attached to protrusions of anomalous mantle (asthenoliths) and to zones where the upper surface of the asthenosphere is tilted and linear warping or narrow sutural block uplifts take place. Tectonic pulsations seems to be essential for the development of linear warping zones.

Mechanism, dynamics and zonal features of slow mass movement (creep) are considered on the basis of the results of many-year stationary observations carried out under different natural conditions. Epures of vertical and parallel to slope components of the mass-movement rates are analysed in view of factors of climate and lithology as well as soils and vegetation. The paper discusses rates of creep in the context of natural zones, and degree of the creep's unfavourable impact on constructions and communications. The creep process should be taken into account while surveying for construction. Some protective measures are recommended.

The significance of topography in the waterlogging process is analysed with reference to the Volgograd territory at the right bank of the Volga. Special features of the water logging process are described which result from natural and artificial factors and also from their joint impact. Certain clusters of waterlogged sites are outlined.

Changes in a gully's longitudinal profile have been recorded by stationary observations. The analysis of the data permitted to conclude that the gully's development had achieved the erosional equilibrium stage. It has been confirmed by the calculated equilibrium profile which appeared to be close to the natural one. The time of the gully's development and the quantity of solid matter brought by the gully into drainage network have been estimated.

Geodynamic features of Byelorussian topography have been studied using the indicational analysis of elements of buried Neogene valleys and present-day drainage network revealed by the remote survey. It has been inferred that the Late Oligocene - Anthropogene tectonic and geodynamic processes, as reflected in the morphology of river valleys, were controlled by the structural setup of both the platform cover and the basement of the Pripyat Depression.

A technique is developed of measurements data processing and applied to studies of the abyssal hills morphology in the south-western part of the Central Basin in the Indian Ocean. Two types of the hills are distinguished on the basis of their morphology as well as thickness and lithology of sedimentary mantle.

The distribution of vein debris in the slope mantle has been analysed within the limits of ore-bearing sites of the Yudomo-Mayskoye Upland, it revealed a certain pattern in debris dispersal at slopes of prevailing defluction (creep) and solifluction processes. The type of loose matter movement is shown toinfluence ore-bearing debris distribution. The regularities observed may be used as a criterion in searches for minerals.

The tectonic control is discernible in the spatial regularities and morphology of valleys in the southern part of the Privolznskaya Upland. The spatial characteristics include the location, direction and width of valleys. Main morphological indicators of geologic structures are an asymmetry in valleys cross-profile, alternation of steep and flat sections in the longitudinal profile, terraces distortions, local incisement, channels alignment of meandering, steppe or swamped valley bottoms. The valleys characteristics most fully reflect regional linear deformations, such as flexures, fault and fold zones and old tectonic scarps. Local anticlines are indentified with confidence. Lagre tectonic regions are reflected in the valleys network less distinctly.

Within the limits of the Tatarian Arch basement surf ace topography largely controls the oil traps distribution in terrigenous Middle Devonian sediments, directly overlying the basement rocks. The studies were carried out with the aim to make more efficient the search for oil in terrigenous Devonian sediments.

Under conditions of mountain and plateau topography which prevail in eastern provinces of the USSR the river channel morphology is mostly controlled by geologic and geomorphic factors. Taking the Yana River as an example the channel morphology is shown to be directly connected with structural elements only for largest channel sections (about few hudreds of kilometers long) in channels with wide floodplains, and for macromeanders in incised channels. In both cases geologic and geomorphic structure is most evident in the channel subdivision into uniform compartments, each characterised with constant character of the channel process and consequently with uniform channel morphology.

The relief of northern Verkhoyansky Ridge was rejuvenated not only due to upwarping of the land surface, but also due Io tectonic destruction of the coastal area resulting from the enlargement of the Buor-Khaya rift. The latter also brought about changes in faults pattern and in consequence - a rearrangement of valey network. Prevailing during the Miocene nor thorn direction of valleys changed into north-eastern during Pliocene - Early Pleistocene and to eastern towards the end of the Quaternary. The seisrnogenous landforms relation to marine terraces dating to the Karginsky and post-glacial transgressions permits to establish the time of the recent changes in the tectonic structures and of the arch morphostructures collapse. The evidence of Belugalakh seismic dislocations points to the ongoing tectonic processes in the Verkhoyansky Ridge coastal area, their rate being steadily increased.

130 km of small river banks within the Vetluga-Unzha watershed have been surveyed and 206 descriptions of ecosystems prepared in the course of studies of the European beaver settlements as a relief-forming factor. The data obtained indicate that the beavers' activity leads to formation of specific zoogenous and postzoogenous landforms, dammed water reservoirs and oxbow lakes, braided channels and as a whole encourages the valleys widening.

The article deals with problems of origin and levels fluctuations of lakes in the Transbaikalian region. On the basis of geomorphiological observations and analysis of documents we concluded on the connection between large fluctuations of the lakes levels and the recent tectonic activities. Climatic hypothesis cannot be accepted as the fluctuations in abjacent lakes are often heterochronous.

The paper considers the mechanism of alluvial placers formation, which are located in buried valleys on a structures wings. The metal particles accumulation in placer is mostly controlled by differences in the channel process upstream and downstream of the growing structure, the channel within the limits of the structure itself is distinguished by a chord-like profile, typical for growing structures. The rate of structures wings uplift determines also the preservation of metal-bearing layers formed in the past at different stages of the reliefs evolution.

Valleys formation was controlled by a complicate temporal and spatial pattern of the earthcrust movements (both of glacioisostatic and tectonic origin), by frequent changes in local base levels formed by meltwater proglacial lakes, by changes in the World Ocean level which opened and closed intermittently the connection with ancient Baltic basins (the latter were a base level for Baltic rivers during the finiglacial and postglacial time), a certain effect on the valleys formation had changes in rivers discharge after ten water supply form the ice sheet had been stopped and pro glacial lakes drained. Under conditions of environments being highly changeable the terrace formation process was complex, with individual features in each valley. Often a large number of terraces was developed. Three cycles of active terrace formation are distinguished (Pre-Allerod, Allerod - Boreal and middle and late Holocene).

Потери науки. Вадим Федорович Филатов (1936-1989)