A notion on the «permanent orogenesis» is introduced, its connections being traced to similar notions in geoteetonics.

Endogenic and exogenic mechanisms of mountains' permanent development and long-duration existence are discussed with special reference to the Soviet Central Asia and Crimean mountains. An analysis of mountains still existing within the limits of the USSR provides evidences for the permanent orogenesis being widespread (ii not dominant) type of mountains' evolution. It depends on a certain favorable combination of endogenic and exogenic factors - such as continued tectonic activity of old orogenic formations and their ability to prevent somehow young morphocomplexes (which destroy ancient topography) from penetration into inner areas of mountains.

On the basis of data obtained from South-Eastern Asia (Vietnam and the adjacent regions of China, Laos and Cambodia) a method has been developed which permits to distinguish between types of recent endogenic regimes and to identify their principal stages using two characteristics: the earthcrust's thickness and the present-day surf ace elevation, as well as an empirical connection between them. A destructive process of the earthcrust thinning has been found to be widespread in both orogens and platformian neotectonic structures. Areas of the thickest earthcrust do not coincide with uplifts, nor thinnest earthcrust with subsidences. The method permits regional tectonic subdivision of inadequately studied 

The morpholithologic approach seems promising when used in the geomorphological studies of urban relief, it permits to consider the «relief - geological substratum» as a morpholithosystem, and the «city-relief-substratum» system as a technogenic morpholithosystem. The studies focus on the morpholithosystems' stability - a characteristic which indicates whether the area in question is suitable for construction and how reliable it is in performing socioeconomic functions. The system suggested for the stability assessment permits to judge the state of morpholithosystems and to recommend measures on the regulation of the technogenic load on various natural morpholithosystems.

The environmental geomorphology is a new trend in. the science which investigates into interconnections between geomorphic systems and human ecology. Objectives and methods of the new trend are defined, examples are given of works on environmental geomorphology, leads for future studies are outlined.

A series of paleogeomorphological maps of the Lower Volga region, Manych area, Middle and Lower Don basin and Western Caspian Lowland have been compiled for eleven typical stages of continental evolution since Devonian to the recent time. Main morphostuctural elements are shown on each of the maps. Statistical correlation of the morphostructures' development is carried out using criteria of the rank correlation, inherited and newly formed morphostuctures being identified. Paleohydrological network development has been studied.

In spite of the structural difference between the Donets Ridge and the Azov crystalline massif as well as different history of their formation, they form a single upland without marked division. Paleogeographic data corroborate this thesis: an upland within the same limits existed throughout the whole Cenozoic time. The unity composed of the Donets Ridge and the Azov massif has not been broken in spite of epeirogenic movements.

The paper considers the causes responsible for the lack of gravel in the channel alluvium. Relation of mechanical (abrasion and crashing) to biochemical weathering in the process of bed load transport is discussed. Gravel particles appeared to be most prone to disintegration, microorganism’s activity being the leading agent in the process.

Most typical feature of the gullies' development is that rates of their growth (both in terms of length and volume) vary widely in time and in different natural regions. Expressions are suggested which permit to calculate a deceleration in length and volume growth as the gully development goes on, as well as to estimate the percentage of the gully development (length and volume) in a given time interval, The quantitative parameters of gully erosion rate may be used to assess a territory with a view to its economic development.

The Maikapchegai intramountain basin is shown to originate at the end of the Oligocene, at a certain stage of the Altai arch elevation, enlargement and differentiation of its block structure. Subsequent tectonic activity brought about further complication in the relief of the basin itself and of the surrounding mountains, most pronounced at the beginning of the Late Miocene, at the end of the Pliocene - beginning of the Pleistocene and also in the Late Pleistocene.

Regularity in river valleys formation in the northern Amur-Zeya Plain has been established and studied in the values of 1st to 4th order. On the basis of the data on the sediments' structure, composition and age, longitudinal profiles of the present-day channels and buried thalwegs, changes in flam velocities during floods in ancient rivers, and also considering environments of the valleys formation, the author shows tectonic 'tilting directly influences longitudinal profiles of rivers. Other characteristics of streams are also conditioned by the tectonic impact, which results in special features of the valleys structure and development.

Data are given on most conspicuous geologic and geomorphic anomalous features in the European North-West, including masses detached by glaciers, remnants of sedimentary cover removed considerably from areas of its continuous distribution, placanticlines, Paleozoic intrusive bodies. Most close attention is paid to ice-detached blocks and remnants of «lalien» rocks found at a distance of tens and hundreds of kilometers from areas of the rocks in question. Such anomalies are of interest for paleogeographic reconstructions. In particular, they indicate that a sedimentary cover existed on the Baltic shield during the Paleozoic, and provide evidence for significant glacial erosion at the latest stage of the geologic history.

Field observations and remote sensing data proved morphostructures of central type to be widespread in the area of .active Late Cenozoic volcanism in southern Georgia. The Djavakhet morphostructure of radius about 30 km is identified and close connections are shown (both spatial and genetic) to exist between its tectonic frame, geologic substance and surface topography. The morphostructure has deep roots within the earthcrust at the «granitic» and «basaltic» layers interface. The present-day topography results from volcanic material accumulation, block tectonics and also active glacial erosion and fluvial activity.

Экспериментальный метод в изучении плювиальных процессов - книга Schumer S.A., Mosley M.P., Weaver W.E. "Experimental fluvial geomorphology" // New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley and Sons, 1987, 403 p.

Криопланация в Восточной Сибири и Центральной Европе - монография Czudek T. "Kzyoplanationsterrassen im rezenten Dauerfrostboden" // Prirodovédne Place ustavu Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved v Brne. 1989. V. 23 (8). Nova ser. 41 s.